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ASTM E 1739 Document Information:
Title
Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Sep 10, 1995
Scope:
This is a guide to risk-based corrective action (RBCA), which is a
consistent decision-making
process for the assessment and response to a petroleum release, based
on the protection of human
health and the environment. Sites with petroleum release vary greatly
in terms of complexity,
physical and chemical characteristics, and in the risk that they may
pose to human health and the
environment. The RBCA process recognizes this diversity, and uses a
tiered approach where
corrective action activities are tailored to site-specific conditions
and risks. While the RBCA
process is not limited to a particular class of compounds, this guide
emphasizes the application of
RBCA to petroleum product releases through the use of the examples.
Ecological risk assessment, as
discussed in this guide, is a qualitative evaluation of the actual or
potential impacts to
environmental (nonhuman) receptors. There may be circumstances under
which a more detailed
ecological risk assessment is necessary (see Ref (1).
The decision process described in this guide integrates risk and
exposure assessment practices, as
suggested by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA), with site assessment
activities and remedial measure selection to ensure that the chosen
action is protective of human
health and the environment. The following general sequence of events
is prescribed in RBCA, once
the process is triggered by the suspicion or confirmation of petroleum
release:
Performance of a site assessment;
Classification of the site by the urgency of initial response;
Implementation of an initial response action appropriate for the
selected site classification;
Comparison of concentrations of chemical(s) of concern at the site
with Tier 1 Risk Based Screening
Levels (RBSLs) given in a look-up table;
Deciding whether further tier evaluation is warranted, if
implementation of interim remedial action
is warranted or if RBSLs may be applied as remediation target levels;
Collection of additional site-specific information as necessary, if
further tier evaluation is
warranted;
Development of site-specific target levels (SSTLs) and point(s) of
compliance (Tier 2 evaluation);
Comparison of the concentrations of chemical(s) of concern at the site
with the Tier 2 evaluation
SSTL at the determined point(s) of compliance or source area(s);
Deciding whether further tier evaluation is warranted, if
implementation of interim remedial action
is warranted, or if Tier 2 SSTLs may be applied as remediation target
levels;
Collection of additional site-specific information as necessary, if
further tier evaluation is
warranted;
Development of SSTL and point(s) of compliance (Tier 3 evaluation);
Comparison of the concentrations of chemical(s) of concern at the site
at the determined point(s)
of compliance or source area(s) with the Tier 3 evaluation SSTL; and
Development of a remedial action plan to achieve the SSTL, as
applicable.
The guide is organized as follows:
Section 2 lists referenced documents,
Section 3 defines terminology used in this guide,
Section 4 describes the significance and use of this guide,
Section 5 is a summary of the tiered approach,
Section 6 presents the RBCA procedures in a step-by-step process,
Appendix X1 details physical/chemical and toxico-logical
characteristics of petroleum products,
Appendix X2 discusses the derivation of a Tier 1 RBSL Look-Up Table
and provides an example,
Appendix X3 describes the uses of predictive modeling relative to the
RBCA process,
Appendix X4 discusses considerations for institutional controls, and
Appendix X5 provides examples of RBCA applications.
This guide describes an approach for RBCA. It is intended to
compliment but not supersede federal,
state, and local regulations. Federal, state, or local agency approval
may be required to implement
the processes outlined in this guide.
The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values
given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
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