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Document API RP 2207 is offered by IHS as part of an online subscription. This subscription contains many documents on the same topic.
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API RP 2207 Document Information:
Title
Preparing Tank Bottoms for Hot Work
American Petroleum Institute
Publication Date:
Dec 1, 2007
Scope:
This recommended practice addresses only the safety aspects of
hot work on petroleum storage tank bottoms. It discusses safety
precautions for preventing fires, explosions and associated
injuries. The term hot work, as used in this publication, is
defined as an operation that can produce a spark or flame hot
enough to ignite flammable vapors. API 2009 provides more in-depth
information on safe hot work practices and its requirements are not
duplicated here.
This recommended practice does not contain all safety
precautions and procedures that may be required prior to, during,
or after a specific hot work activity. All hot work should be
performed in compliance with applicable national, state and local
regulatory requirements and recognized industry practices. Work
practices of concern for working on tank bottoms, include but are
not limited to: confined space entry, lockout/tagout, atmospheric
testing, ventilation, and requirements for use of PPE. ANSI/API
2015 and ANSI/API 2016 provide guidance for tank entry consistent
with OSHA regulations noted in the Section 2 References. This
recommended practice does not repeat the extensively detailed
information provided in those documents. Some of the relevant OSHA
regulations from 29 CFR part 1910 and 29 CFR 1926
are included in the references. It is the responsibility of each
organization to review and comply with applicable legal
requirements.
The scope of API 2207 does not include:
— guidance for compliance with safety or environmental
regulations or codes.
— engineering specifications for tank construction or rebuilding
(see API tank standards).
— specific guidance for repair of shop-fabricated tanks which is
addressed by Steel Tank Institute SP031. These tanks include those
built to UL 142, API 650 Appendix J, Steel Tank Institute
aboveground tank standards, as well as others.
— specific guidance for tank entry (see ANSI/API 2015 and
ANSI/API 2016).
— welding techniques, craft skills or qualification of welders
(see referenced welding standards).
— normal "safe work" practices such as fall protection, PPE,
slip/trip/fall etc.
— entry or work in inert environments (see API 2217A).
Concepts of Hazard and Risk
Hazards are properties of materials (or situations) with the
inherent ability to cause harm. Flammability, toxicity,
corrosivity, stored chemical or mechanical energy all are hazards
associated with various industrial materials or situations. Risk
requires exposure. A fire or hot surface can cause thermal skin
burns or a corrosive acid can cause chemical skin burns, but these
can occur only if there is contact exposure to skin. In an empty
tank a floating roof represents a "stored mechanical energy" hazard
which might fall on persons working underneath, and so must be
properly secured to reduce risk of contact before performing entry
work.
There is no risk when there is no potential for exposure.
Determining the level of risk involves understanding hazards and
estimating the probability of exposure and severity of consequences
that could lead to harm. While the preceding examples relate
hazards to the risk to people, the same principles are valid for
evaluating property risk. For instance, a flammable mixture of
hydrocarbon vapors in air can ignite if exposed to a source of
ignition, resulting in a fire that could damage property as well as
injure people.
Relationship to Regulations
This recommended practice aims to share practices which over
time have been useful in injury prevention programs. The specifics
of compliance with either safety or environmental laws or
regulations fall outside the scope of this standard, but should be
carefully reviewed by those authorizing and conducting work.
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