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ASTM D 6836 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Methods for Determination of the Soil Water Chararcteristic Curve for Desorption Using a Hanging Column, Pressure Extractor, Chilled Mirror Hygrometer, and/or Centrifuge
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Nov 11, 2002
Scope:
This test method covers the determination of soil water characteristic
curves (SWCCs) for
desorption (drying). SWCCs describe the relationship between suction
and volumetric water content,
gravimetric water content, or degree of water saturation. SWCCs are
also referred to as soil water
retention curves, soil water release curves, or capillary pressure
curves.
This standard describes five methods (A - E) for determining the soil
water characteristic curve.
Method A (hanging column) is suitable for making determinations for
suctions in the range of 0 to
80 kPa. Method B (pressure chamber with volumetric measurement) and
Method C (pressure chamber with
gravimetric measurement) are suitable for suctions in the range of 0
to 1500 kPa. Method D (chilled
mirror hygrometer) is suitable for making determinations for suctions
in the range of 500 kPa to
100 MPa. Method E (centrifuge method) is suitable for making
determinations in the range 0 to 120
kPa. Method A typically is used for coarse soils with little fines
that drain readily. Methods B
and C typically are used for finer soils which retain water more
tightly. Method D is used when
suctions near saturation are not required and commonly is employed to
define the dry end of the
soil water characteristic curve (that is, water contents corresponding
to suctions > 1000 kPa).
Method E is typically used for coarser soils where an appreciable
amount of water can be extracted
with suctions up to 120 kPa. The methods may be combined to provide a
detailed description of the
soil water characteristic curve. In this application, Method A or E is
used to define the soil
water characteristic curve at lower suctions (0 to 80 kPa for A, 0 to
120 kPa for E) near
saturation and to accurately identify the air entry suction, Method B
or C is used to define the
soil water characteristic curve for intermediate water contents and
suctions (100 to 1000 kPa), and
Method D is used to define the soil water characteristic curves at low
water contents and higher
suctions (> 1000 kPa) and
All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guide for
significant digits and rounding
established in Practice D 6026. The procedures in Practice D 6026 that
are used to specify how data
are collected, recorded, and calculated are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they
are representative of the significant digits that should generally be
retained. The procedures do
not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data,
special purpose studies, or any
considerations for the objectives of the user. Increasing or reducing
the significant digits of
reported data to be commensurate with these considerations is common
practice. Consideration of the
significant digits to be used in analysis methods for engineering
design is beyond the scope of
this standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
Keywords:
- capillary pressure
- chilled mirror hygrometer
- gravimetric water content
- hanging column
- matric potential
- matric suction
- pressure membrane
- pressure plate
- soil
- soil water characteristic curve
- suction
- total suction
- volumetric water content
- water activity
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