ASTM D 2922 Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
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ASTM D 2922 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Nov 1, 2005
Scope:
These test methods cover the determination of the total or wet density
of soil and soil-rock
mixtures by the attenuation of gamma radiation where the source and
detector(s) remain on the
surface (Backscatter Method) or the source or detector is placed at a
known depth up to 300 mm (12
in.) while the detector(s) or source remains on the surface (Direct
Transmission Method).
The density in mass per unit volume of the material under test is
determined by comparing the
detected rate of gamma radiation with previously established
calibration data.
The values tested in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The
inch-pound equivalents may be
approximate.
It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently
use pounds to represent both a
unit of mass (lbm) and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines
two separate systems of
units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It
is scientifically undesirable
to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a
single standard. These test
methods have been written using the gravitational system of units when
dealing with the inch-pound
system. In this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force
(weight). However, the use of
balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the recording of
density in lbm/ft ³
should not be regarded as nonconformance with these test methods.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For
specific Hazard statements, see Section 6.
Keywords:
- density
- field density
- nuclear methods
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