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ASTM A 320/A 320M Document Information:
Title
Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low- Temperature Service
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Mar 15, 2008
Scope:
This specification2 covers alloy steel bolting
materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for
lowtemperature service. The term "bolting material" as used in this
specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars,
bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be
hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless
grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be
solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When strain
hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered, the purchaser
should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly
understood.
Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and
austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend on
design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and
low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements of
Table 1 indicate the diameters for which the minimum mechanical
properties apply to the various grades and classes, and Table 2
stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption.
The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to
these requirements before parts are manufactured. For example, when
Grade L43 is specified to meet the Table 2 impact energy values at
-150 °F [-101 °C], additional restrictions (such as procuring a
steel with lower P and S contents than might normally be supplied)
in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be
required.
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included
several grades of material that have been rather extensively used
for the present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for
inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes
apparent. Users should note that hardenability of some of the
grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the
required mechanical properties are obtainable.
Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section
10 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an optional
nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in the
inquiry, contract and order.
The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Unless the
order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI
units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to
be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
standard.
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
applications, see related Specification SA-320 in Section II of
that Code.
Keywords:
- additional elements
- austenitic stainless steel
- bolts—steel
- chromium-molybdenum steel
- fasteners—steel
- markings on fittings
- nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel
- pressure vessel service
- stainless steel bolting material
- starting material
- steel bars—alloy
- steel bolting material
- steel flanges
- steel valves
- temperature service applications—low
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