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ASTM D 877 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Oct 10, 2002
Scope:
This test method describes two procedures, A and B, for
determining the electrical breakdown voltage of insulating liquid
specimens. The breakdown test uses ac voltage in the
power-frequency range from 45 to 65 Hz.
This test method is used to judge if the disk electrode
breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids, as
delivered from the manufacturer, that have never been filtered or
dried. See Specification D 3487, Specification D 4652, and Guide D
5222 for the minimum specified electrical breakdown. This test
method should be used as recommended by professional organization
standards such as IEEE C57.106.
Limitations of the Procedures:
The sensitivity of this test method to the general population of
contaminants present in a liquid sample decreases as applied test
voltages used in this test method become greater than approximately
25 kV rms.
If the concentration of water in the sample at room temperature
is less than 60 % of saturation, the sensitivity of this test
method to the presence of water is decreased. For further
information refer to RR: D27-1006.2
The suitability for this test method has not been determined for
a liquid's viscosity higher than 900 cSt at 40°C.
Procedure Applications
Procedure A:
Procedure A is used to determine the breakdown voltage of
liquids in which any insoluble breakdown products easily settle
during the interval between the required repeated breakdown tests.
These liquids include petroleum oils, hydrocarbons, and askarels
(PCB) used as insulating and cooling liquids in transformers,
cables, and similar apparatus.
Procedure A may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of
silicone fluid as specified in Test Methods D 2225, provided the
discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule)
per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.
Procedure B:
This procedure is used to determine the breakdown voltage of
liquids in which any insoluble breakdown products do not completely
settle from the space between the disks during the 1–min interval
required in Procedure A. Procedure B, modified in accordance with
Section 17 of Test Methods D 2225, is acceptable for testing
silicone dielectric liquids if the requirements of 1.4.1.2 can not
be achieved.
Procedure B should also be applied for the determination of the
breakdown voltage of liquid samples containing insoluble materials
that settle from the specimen during testing. These may include
samples taken from circuit breakers, load tap changers, and other
liquids heavily contaminated with insoluble particulate material.
These examples represent samples that may have large differences
between replicate tests. The use of Procedure B will result in a
more accurate value of breakdown voltage when testing such
liquids.
Use Procedure B to establish the breakdown voltage of an
insulating liquid where an ASTM specification does not exist or
when developing a value for an ASTM guide or standard. Procedure A
may be used once the single operator precision of 13.1 has been
demonstrated.
Both the SI and inch-pound units are equally acceptable.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2 RR: D27–1006, Round-Robin Data Using Modified VDE
Electrode Cell for Dielectric Strength Tests on Oil, is available
from ASTM Headquarters.
Keywords:
- breakdown voltage
- dielectric strength
- disk electrodes
- electrical insulating liquids
- test cup
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