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API PUBL 1157 Document Information:
Title
Hydrostatic Test Water Treatment and Disposal Options for Liquid Pipeline Systems
American Petroleum Institute
Publication Date:
Oct 1, 1998
Scope:
SCOPE
This research involved conducting a literature search and industry
survey to establish industry demographics and existing treatment
technologies, characterization of discharge water, evaluation of
treatment technologies, performing an economic analysis of treatment
options and reviewing other hydrostatic test water management options
available to the industry. These tasks are described in more detail
below:
Literature Research and Industry Survey
An electronic survey questionnaire was distributed to members of the
Hydrostatic Test Water Treatment and Disposal Operations Workgroup and
the full API Committee On Environmental Health and Safety. This
questionnaire was in a spreadsheet format which is attached in
Appendix A. Data was gathered for tests from 1990 to the 1st Quarter
of 1997 for both new and existing pipeline hydrostatic test water
discharges. A total of 172 tests (131 Existing and 41 New) were
evaluated. Reports from several other hydrostatic test water research
projects such as those conducted by the Gas Research Institute (GRI)
were also reviewed.
Characterization of Water
The industry survey and literature research produced a very sizable
database from which to characterize the test water quantity and
quality. Following development of the database and evaluation of the
data, twenty-six (26) summary graphs and tables were generated to
characterize the discharge waters. These graphs and tables are
discussed in Section 2 and 3.
Evaluation of Treatment Technologies
Treatment technologies which were identified through the industry
survey and through the literature search were evaluated on several
factors, including among others:
• Practicality
• Mobility
• Set-up Time Requirements
• Power Requirements
• Storage Requirements
• Amounts and Types of Wastes Generated
• Impact/Ability to Meet Various Potential Discharge Limits
• Treatment Discharge Rates
• Water Storage/Tankage Requirements
A summary of these evaluations is contained in Table 27.
Economic Analysis
Capital and operating costs were developed based on published data,
vendor quotes, cost information from member pipeline companies, and
best professional engineering judgment.
Recognizing that several site specific factors are pertinent to
operations of this nature, the cost evaluation included considerations
of the following factors:
• Mobilization/Demobilization Mileage to Site
• Site Constraints: Space, Surface, Distance to Discharge Point
• Climatic Conditions: Seasonal Considerations
• Site Preparation: Clearing, Surface Preparation, Power
Requirements
• Waste Disposal: Pre-Pig Fluids, Solids, Spent Carbon, Used Hay
bales, etc.
• Fees: Easement Access, Construction, Permitting
• Treatment Throughput Rate
• Water Storage Requirements and Containment
A summary table of the capital and operating costs for each technology
was prepared and is contained in Section 5.
Test Water Management Options
Pipeline operating procedures that could be employed prior, during or
after a test are identified in this section. These procedures were
identified in part through the results of the industry survey, through
a review of available technical studies such as GRI's hydrostatic test
water reports, through the operating experience of the staff and
through individual discussions with the members of the Committee.
Options such as pre-pigging or pre-washing of pipelines, pre-treating
fill water, discharging to a municipal POTW and other options were
reviewed and summarized.
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