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ASTM D 1067 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Dec 15, 2006
Scope:
These test methods2 cover the determination of
acidity or alkalinity of all types of water. Three test methods are
given as follows:
In all of these test methods the hydrogen or hydroxyl ions
present in water by virtue of the dissociation or hydrolysis of its
solutes, or both, are neutralized by titration with standard alkali
(acidity) or acid (alkalinity). Of the three procedures, Test
Method A is the most precise and accurate. It is used to develop an
electrometric titration curve (sometimes referred to as a pH
curve), which defines the acidity or alkalinity of the sample and
indicates inflection points and buffering capacity, if any. In
addition, the acidity or alkalinity can be determined with respect
to any pH of particular interest. The other two methods are used to
determine acidity or alkalinity relative to a predesignated end
point based on the change in color of an internal indicator or the
equivalent end point measured by a pH meter. They are suitable for
routine control purposes.
When titrating to a specific end point, the choice of end point
will require a careful analysis of the titration curve, the effects
of any anticipated changes in composition on the titration curve,
knowledge of the intended uses or disposition of the water, and a
knowledge of the characteristics of the process controls involved.
While inflection points (rapid changes in pH) are usually preferred
for accurate analysis of sample composition and obtaining the best
precision, the use of an inflection point for process control may
result in significant errors in chemical treatment or process
control in some applications. When titrating to a selected end
point dictated by practical considerations, (1) only a
part of the actual neutralizing capacity of the water may be
measured, or (2) this capacity may actually be exceeded in
arriving at optimum acidity or alkalinity conditions.
A scope section is provided in each test method as a guide. It
is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the acceptability
of these test methods for each matrix.
Former Test Methods C (Color-Comparison Titration) and D
(Color-Change Titration After Boiling) were discontinued. Refer to
Appendix X4 for historical information.
The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No
other units of measurement are included in this standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
standard.
2 The basic procedures used in these test methods
have appeared widespread in the technical literature for many
years. Only the particular adaptation of the electrometric
titration appearing as the Referee Method is believed to be largely
the work of Committee D19.
Keywords:
- acidity
- alkalinity
- titrations
- water
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