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ASTM E 2232 Document Information:
Title
Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Mathematical Methods for Calculating Absorbed Dose in Radiation Processing Applications
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Sep 10, 2002
Scope:
This guide describes different mathematical methods that may be used
to calculate absorbed dose and
criteria for their selection. Absorbed dose calculations determine the
effectiveness of the
radiation process, estimate the absorbed-dose distribution in product,
or supplement and/or
complement dosimetry measurements.
Radiation processing is an evolving field and annotated examples are
provided in Annex A4 to
illustrate the applications where mathematical methods have been
successfully applied. While not
limited by the applications cited in these examples, applications
specific to neutron transport,
radiation therapy and shielding design are not addressed in this
document.
This guide covers the calculation of radiation transport of electrons
and photons in the energy
range of 0.1 to 25 MeV.
The mathematical methods described include Monte Carlo, point kernel,
discrete ordinate,
semi-empirical and empirical methods.
General purpose software packages are available for the calculation of
the transport of charged
and/or neutral particles and photons from various types of sources of
ionizing radiation. This
standard is limited to the use of these software packages or other
mathematical methods for the
determination of spatial dose distributions for photons emitted
following the decay of 137Cs
or 60Co, energetic electrons from particle accelerators, or
bremsstrahlung generated by
electron accelerators.
This guide assists the user in determining if mathematical methods are
a useful tool. This guide
may assist the user in selecting an appropriate method for calculating
absorbed dose.
NOTE 1 - The user is urged to apply these predictive techniques while
being aware of the need for
experience and also the inherent limitations of both the method and
the available software.
Information pertaining to availability and updates to codes for
modeling radiation transport,
courses, workshops and meetings can be found in Annex A1. For a basic
understanding of radiation
physics and a brief overview of method selection, refer to Annex A3.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
Keywords:
- benchmarking
- deterministic method
- discrete ordinates
- empirical method
- mathematical models
- modeling
- modelling
- Monte Carlo method
- point kernel
- radiation processing
- radiation transport
- stochastic
- validation
- verification
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