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ASTM D 1586 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Feb 1, 2008
Scope:
This test method describes the procedure, generally known as the
Standard Penetration Test (SPT), for driving a split-barrel sampler
to obtain a representative disturbed soil sample for identification
purposes, and measure the resistance of the soil to penetration of
the sampler. Another method (Test Method D 3550) to drive a
split-barrel sampler to obtain a representative soil sample is
available but the hammer energy is not standardized.
Practice D 6066 gives a guide to determining the normalized
penetration resistance of sands for energy adjustments of N-value
to a constant energy level for evaluating liquefaction
potential.
Test results and identification information are used to estimate
subsurface conditions for foundation design.
Penetration resistance testing is typically performed at 5-foot
depth intervals or when a significant change of materials is
observed during drilling, unless otherwise specified.
This test method is limited to use in nonlithified soils and
soils whose maximum particle size is approximately less than
one-half of the sampler diameter.
This test method involves use of rotary drilling equipment
(Guide D 5783, Practice D 6151). Other drilling and sampling
procedures (Guide D 6286, Guide D 6169) are available and may be
more appropriate. Considerations for hand driving or shallow
sampling without boreholes are not addressed. Subsurface
investigations should be recorded in accordance with Practice D
5434. Samples should be preserved and transported in accordance
with Practice D 4220 using Group B. Soil samples should be
identified by group name and symbol in accordance with Practice D
2488.
All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D 6026, unless superseded by this test method.
The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when
dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf)
represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is
slugs.
Penetration resistance measurements often will involve safety
planning, administration, and documentation. This test method does
not purport to address all aspects of exploration and site safety.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Performance of the test usually
involves use of a drill rig; therefore, safety requirements as
outlined in applicable safety standards (for example, OSHA
regulations,2 NDA Drilling Safety Guide,3
drilling safety manuals, and other applicable state and local
regulations) must be observed.
2 Available from Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC
20210, http://www.osha.gov.
3 Available from the National Drilling Association,
3511 Center Rd., Suite 8, Brunswick, OH 44212,
http://www.nda4u.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
standard.
Keywords:
- blow count
- in-situ test
- penetration resistance
- soil
- split-barrel sampling
- standard penetration test
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