ASTM E 2385 Standard Guide for Estimating Wildlife Exposure Using Measures of Habitat Quality
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ASTM E 2385 Document Information:
Title
Standard Guide for Estimating Wildlife Exposure Using Measures of Habitat Quality
ASTM International
Publication Date:
Dec 1, 2004
Scope:
Ecological Risk Assessments (EcoRAs) typically focus on valued
wildlife populations. Regulatory
authority for conducting EcoRAs derives from various federal laws [for
example, Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 1981, (CERCLA),
Resource Conservation
Recovery Act (RCRA), and Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act, (FIFRA)]. Certain
procedures for conducting EcoRAs (1-4)(Footnote 2) have been
standardized [E 1689-95(2003) Standard
Guide for Developing Conceptual Site Models for Contaminated Sites; E
1848-96(2003) Standard Guide
for Selecting and Using Ecological Endpoints for Contaminated Sites; E
2020-99a Standard Guide for
Data and Information Options for Conducting an Ecological Risk
Assessment at Contaminated Sites; E
2205-02 Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action for Protection
of Ecological resources; E
1739-95(2002) Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied
at Petroleum Release Sites].
Specialized cases for reporting data have also been standardized [E
1849-96(2002) Standard Guide
for Fish and Wildlife Incident Monitoring and Reporting] as have
sampling procedures to
characterize vegetation [E 1923-97(2003) Standard Guide for Sampling
Terrestrial and Wetlands
Vegetation].
Most states have enacted laws modeled after the federal acts and
follow similar procedures.
Typically, estimates of likely exposure levels to constituents of
potential concern (CoPC) are
compared to toxicity benchmark values or concentration-response
profiles to establish the magnitude
of risk posed by the CoPC and to inform risk managers considering
potential mitigation/remediation
options. The likelihood of exposure is influenced greatly by the
foraging behavior and residence
time of the animals of interest in the areas containing significant
concentrations of the CoPC.
Foraging behavior and residence time of the animals are related to
landscape features (vegetation
and physiognomy) that comprise suitable habitat for the species. This
guide presents a framework
for incorporating habitat quality into the calculation of exposure
levels for use in EcoRAs.
This guide is intended only as a framework for using measures of
habitat quality in species
specific habitat suitability models to assist with the calculation of
exposure levels in EcoRA.
Information from published Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) models (5)
is used in this guide. The
user should become familiar with the strengths and limitations of any
particular HSI model used in
order to characterize uncertainty in the exposure assessment (5-7).
For species that do not have
published habitat suitability models, the user may elect to develop
broad categorical descriptions
of habitat quality for use in estimating exposure.
Footnote 2 - The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list
references at the end of this
standard.
Keywords:
- exposure assessment
- habitat quality
- habitat quality indices
- landscape ecology
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