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Ethanol & Biofuels Standards

Updated November 11, 2008

Ethanol and biofuels standards address test methods, evaporative loss, storing and handling, blends, corrosiveness, oxygenates, contamination, heating and boilers, diesel and other topics.

A selected list of ethanol and biofuels standards appears below.

These standards were developed by American Petroleum Institute (API), ASTM International, British Standards Institution (BSI), European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), Danish Standards Association (DS) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Ethanol & Biofuels Standards
October-December 2008 Releases
ASTM D 975-08a - Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils - used for on- and off-road diesel applications, was revised to include an allowance for up to 5% biodiesel.
ASTM D 396-08b - Specification for Fuel Oils - used for home heating and boiler applications, was revised to include an allowance for up to 5% biodiesel.
ASTM D 7467-08 - Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to 20) - a specification that covers finished fuel blends of between 6% (B6) and 20% (B20) biodiesel for on- and off-road diesel engine use.
ASTM D 6751-08 - Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels - used to control pure biodiesel (B100) quality prior to blending with conventional diesel type fuels, was revised to include a requirement that controls minor compounds using a new cold soak filterability test.
Older Documents
API Ethanol Study
Executive Summary Literature Review Impact of Gasoline Blended with Ethanol on the Long-Term Structural Integrity of Liquid Petroleum Storage Systems and Components
API MPMS 19.1
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 19 - Evaporative Loss Measurement Section 1 - Evaporative Loss from Fixed-Roof Tanks - Third Edition
API PUBL 4261
Alcohols and Ethers a Technical Assessment of Their Application as Fuels and Fuel Components - Third Edition
API PUBL 4625
Service Station Personnel Exposures to Oxygenated Fuel Components - 1994
API RP 1626
Storing and Handling Ethanol and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends at Distribution Terminals and Service Stations
API TR 939-D
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel in Fuel Grade Ethanol: Review and Survey
ARMY A-A-59693A
Diesel Fuel, Biodiesel Blend (B20)
ASTM D 93
Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
ASTM PS 121
Provisional Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels - Superseded by ASTM D 6751
ASTM D 130
Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test - IP Designation: 154/93
ASTM D 381
Standard Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
ASTM D 445
Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) - Designation: D 445–06; British Standard 2000: Part 71:1990
ASTM D 613
Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil - IP Designation: 41/2000
ASTM D 874
Standard Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
ASTM D 1160
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
ASTM D 1364
Standard Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
ASTM D 1688
Standard Test Methods for Copper in Water
ASTM E 1690
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol Extractives in Biomass
ASTM D 2500
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products - British Standard 4458; IP Designation: 219/82
ASTM D 2622
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
ASTM D 2709
Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
ASTM D 3828
Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
ASTM D 4294
Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
ASTM D 4530
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
ASTM D 4806
Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark - Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 4814
Standard Specification for Automotive Spark - Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 4815
Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
ASTM D 5453
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
ASTM D 5501
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol Content of Denatured Fuel Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
ASTM D 5580
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C9 and Heavier Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography - Supersedes ASTM D 4420
ASTM D 5599
Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection
ASTM D 5622
Standard Test Methods for Determination of Total Oxygen in Gasoline and Methanol Fuels by Reductive Pyrolysis
ASTM D 5797
Standard Specification for Fuel Methanol (M70-M85) for Automotive Spark - Ignition Engines
ASTM D 5798
Standard Specification for Fuel Ethanol (Ed75-Ed85) for Automotive Spark - Ignition Engines
ASTM D 6371
Standard Test Method for Cold Filter Plugging Point of Diesel and Heating Fuels
ASTM D 6423
Standard Test Method for Determination of pH of Ethanol, Denatured Fuel Ethanol, and Fuel Ethanol (Ed75-Ed85)
ASTM D 6584
Standard Test Method for Determination of Free and Total Glycerin in B-100 Biodiesel Methyl Esters By Gas Chromatography
ASTM D 7319
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total and Potential Sulfate and Inorganic Chloride in Fuel Ethanol by Direct Injection Suppressed Ion Chromatography
ASTM D 7328
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total and Potential Inorganic Sulfate and Total Inorganic Chloride in Fuel Ethanol by Ion Chromatography Using Aqueous Sample Injection
BSI BS EN 116
Methods of Test for Petroleum and Its Products Part 309: Diesel and Domestic Heating Fuels - Determination of Cold Filter Plugging Point - Also Known as BS 2000: Part 309: 1998; Supersedes BS 6188: 19
BSI BS EN 228
Automotive fuels - Unleaded petrol - Requirements and test methods - CORR 17166: June 29, 2007
BSI BS EN 590
Automotive fuels - Diesel - Requirements and test methods - CORR 17164: June 29, 2007
BSI BS EN 12662
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of contamination in middle distillates
BSI BS EN 14103
Fat and oil derivatives - Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) - Determination of ester and linolenic acid methyl ester contents
BSI BS EN 14105
Fat and oil derivatives Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) Determination of free and total glycerol and mono-, di-, triglyceride contents (Reference method)
BSI BS EN 14214
Automotive fuels Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines Requirements and test methods - AMD 15183:May 14, 2004
BSI BS EN 15376
Automotive fuels - Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Requirements and test methods
BSI BS EN 15485
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of sulfur content - Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric method
BSI BS EN 15486
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of sulfur content - Ultraviolet fluorescence method
BSI BS EN 15487
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of phosphorus content - Ammonium molybdate spectrometric method
BSI BS EN 15488
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of copper content - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
BSI BS EN 15491
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of total acidity - Colour indicator titration method
BSI BS EN 23015
Methods of Test for Petroleum and Its Products Part 219: Petroleum Products - Determination of Cloud Point (ISO 3015: 1992) (W) - Also Known as BS 2000 PART 219:1994
BSI BS EN ISO 3679
Methods of test for petroleum and its products BS 2000-523: Determination of flash point Rapid equilibrium closed cup method - Supersedes BS 6664-4:1991 and BS EN 456:1991; Also known as BS 2000-523:2004
CEN EN 14214
Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines - Requirements and test methods - Incorporates corrigendum December 2003
CGSB 3.511-CAN/CGSB AMD 2
Oxygenated Unleaded Automotive Gasoline Containing Ethanol
CGSB 3.520-2005-CAN/CGSB
Automotive Low-Sulphur Diesel Fuel Containing Low Levels of Biodiesel Esters (B1-B5)
CGSB 3.520-2005-CAN/CGSB
Carburant diesel a faible teneur en soufre, pour vehicules automobiles, contenant de faibles quantites d'esters de biodiesel (B1-B5)
DS DSF/PREN 15492
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of inorganic chloride - Ion chromatographic method
ISO 2160
Petroleum Products - Corrosiveness to Copper - Copper Strip Test - Third Edition
ISO 3987
Petroleum Products - Lubricating Oils and Additives - Determination of Sulphated Ash Second Edition
ISO 5165
Petroleum Products - Determination of the Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels - Cetane Engine Method - Third Edition
ISO 10370
Petroleum Products - Determination of Carbon Residue - Micro Method First Edition (CEN EN ISO 10370: 1996)
ISO 12937
Petroleum Products - Determination of Water - Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration Method - First Edition
ISO 14111
Natural Gas - Guidelines to Traceability in Analysis - First Edition
ISO 20846
Petroleum products Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels Ultraviolet fluorescence method - First Edition
ISO 20884
Petroleum products Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels Wavelength - dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry - First Edition

For other standards and documents, please visit the IHS standards store.

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